2009-present - Possible Origin of Life between Mica Sheets & a little Atomic Force Microscopy

H. Greenwood Hansma, Did Biology Emerge from Biotite in Micaceous Clay?, Preprints, 2020090409 PDF
Helen Greenwood Hansma, Mechanical Energy before Chemical Energy at the Origins of Life? 2020. Sci, 2, 88. PDF
H G Hansma, Better than Membranes at the Origin of Life. 2017. Life, 7, 28. PDF
H G Hansma, The Power of Crowding for the Origins of Life. 2014. Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres, 44, 307-311. PDF
H G Hansma, Possible Origin of Life between Mica Sheets: How Life Imitates Mica. 2013. J Biol Struct Dynamics, 31, 888-895. PDF
Helen Greenwood Hansma, Life = Self-Reproduction with Variations? 2012. J Biol Struct Dynamics, 29, 621-622. PDF

H G Hansma & E Oroudjev, Atomic Force Microscopy of Biomaterials, Mica, and the Origins of Life. 2010. Microscopy Today, 6, 16-20, pp 16-20. PDF

H G Hansma, Possible Origin of Life between Mica Sheets. J Theor Biol 2010. 266, 175-188. PDF

Hansma, H. G. 2009. Could Life Originate between Mica Sheets?: Mechanochemical Biomolecular Synthesis and the Origins of Life. In Probing Mechanics at Nanoscale Dimensions. N. Tamura, A. Minor, C. Murray, and L. Friedman, editors. Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. II03-15. PDF

2004-2008

Chworos, A., I. Severcan, A. Y. Koyfman, P. Weinkam, E. Oroudjev, H. G. Hansma, and L. Jaeger. 2004. Building Programmable Jigsaw Puzzles with RNA. Science 306:2068-2072. PDF

Fantner, G. E., T. Hassenkam, J. H. Kindt, J. C. Weaver, H. Birkedal, L. Pechenik, J. A. Cutroni, G. A. G. Cidade, G. D. Stucky, D. E. Morse, and P. K. Hansma. 2005. Sacrificial bonds and hidden length dissipate energy as mineralized fibrils separate during bone fracture. Nature materials 4:612-616.

Hansma, H. G. 2007. Mica and the Origin of Life: Cells without Membranes. Mol. Biol. Cell 18(suppl):Abstract#1910.

Lauer, M. E., R. Jungmann, J. H. Kindt, S. Magonov, J.-H. Fuhrhop, E. Oroudjev, and H. G. Hansma. 2007. Formation and Healing of Micrometer-Sized Channel Networks on Highly Mobile Au(111) Surfaces. Langmuir 23: 5459 -5465.

Gourdon, D., Q. Lin, E. Oroudjev, H. Hansma, Y. Golan, S. Arad, and J. Israelachvili. 2008. Adhesion and Stable Low Friction Provided by a Subnanometer-Thick Monolayer of a Natural Polysaccharide Langmuir 24:1534 -1540.

2000-2003 - Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA, Spider Silk, & Bacterial Biofilms

Hansma, H. G., Oroudjev, E., Baudrey, S., and Jaeger, L., TectoRNA and Kissing Loops: Atomic Force Microscopy of RNA Structures, J. Microscopy, J. Microscopy, 212, 273–279 (2003) PDF

Sitko, J. C., Mateescu, E. M., and Hansma, H. G., Sequence-Dependent DNA Condensation and the Electrostatic Zipper, Biophysical Journal, 84, 419-431 (2003). PDF

Becker, N., Oroudjev, E., Mutz, S., Thompson, J. B., Cleveland, J., Proksch, R., Hansma, P. K., Hayashi, C., Makarov, D. E., and Hansma, H., Molecular Nanosprings in Spider Capture-Silk Threads, Nature Materials, 2, 278-283 (2003). PDF

Oroudjev, E., Danielsen, S., and Hansma, H. G., Surface Biology: Analysis of Biomolecular Structure by AFM and Molecular Pulling, Nanobiotechnology: Concepts, Applications, and Perspectives, in press (2003)

Oroudjev, E., C. Y. Hayashi, J. Soares, S. Arcidiacono, S. A. Fossey, and H. G. Hansma. 2003. Nanofiber formation in spider dragline-silk as probed by atomic force microscopy and molecular pulling. In MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. Cambridge Univ Press. 273-282.

Oroudjev, E., Soares, J., Arcidiacono, S., J. B. Thompson, Fossey, S. A., and Hansma, H. G., Segmented Nanofibers of Spider Dragline Silk: Atomic Force Microscopy and Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 6460 (2002)

Thompson, J. B., Hansma, H. G., Hansma, P. K., and Plaxco, K. W., The backbone conformational entropy of protein folding: experimental measures from atomic force microscopy, J. of Molecular Biology, 322, 645-652 (2002)

Steinberger, R. E., Allen, A. R., Hansma, H. G., and Holden, P. A., Elongation correlates with nutrient deprivation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-unsaturated biofilms, Microbial Ecology, 43, 4, 416-423 (2002).

Makarov, D. E., Wang, Z., Thompson, J. B., and Hansma, H. G., Excluded volume effects in the force extension curves of single protein molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 116, 7760 (2002).

Makarov, D. E., Wang, Z., Thompson, J. B., and Hansma, H. G., On the interpretation of force extension curves of single protein molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 116, 7760-7765 (2002).

Lindstrom, U., Chandrasekharan, R., Orbai, L., Helquist, S., Miller, G., Fernandez, S., Oroudjev, E., Hansma, H. G., and Kool, E. T., Artificial Human Telomeres from DNA Nanocircle Templates, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 25, 15953-8 (2002).

Kindt, J. H., Sitko, J. C., Pietrasanta, L. I., Oroudjev, E., Becker, N., Viani, M. B., and Hansma, H. G., Methods for Biological Probe Microscopy in Aqueous Fluids, in Atomic Force Microscopy in Cell Biology, Vol. 68, Jena, B. P., and Hoerber, H., Eds., pp. 213 (2002).

Hansma, H. G., Clegg, D. O., Kokkoli, E., Oroudjev, E., and Tirrell, M., Analysis of matrix dynamics by atomic force microscopy, in Methods in Cell Biology, 69, Adams, J., Ed., pp. 159 (2002).

Thompson, J. B., Kindt, J. H., Drake, B., Hansma, H. G., Morse, D. E., and Hansma, P. K., Bone indentation recovery time correlates with bond reforming time, Nature, 414, 773 (2001).

Hansma, H. G., Surface Biology of DNA by Atomic Force Microscopy, Ann. Rev. Physical Chemistry, 52, 71 (2001).

Viani, M. B., Pietrasanta, L. I., Thompson, J. B., Chand, A., Gebeshuber, I. C., Kindt, J. H., Richter, M., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Probing protein-protein interactions in real time, Nat. Struct. Biol., 7, 644-647 (2000). PDF

Hansma, H. G., Pietrasanta, L. I., Golan, R., Sitko, J. C., Viani, M., Paloczi, G., Smith, B. L., Thrower, D., and Hansma, P. K., Recent Highlights from Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA, Biological Structure and Dynamics, Conversation 11, 271 (2000).

Hansma, H. G., Pietrasanta, L. I., Auerbach, I. D., Sorenson, C., Golan, R., and Holden, P. A., Probing biopolymers with the atomic force microscope: a review, Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition, 11, 675 (2000).

Chen, C. H., and Hansma, H. G., Basement Membrane Macromolecules: Insights from Atomic Force Microscopy, J. Struct. Biol., 131, 44-55 (2000). PDF

Auerbach, I., Sorensen, C., Hansma, H. G., and Holden, P., Physical Morphology and Surface Properties of Unsaturated Pseudomonas putida Biofilms, J. Bacteriol., 182, 3809-3815 (2000). PDF

1997-1999

Viani, M. B., Schaeffer, T. E., Paloczi, G. T., Pietrasanta, L. I., Smith, B. L., Thompson, J. B., Richter, M., Rief, M., Gaub, H. E., Plaxco, K. W., Cleland, A. N., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Fast imaging and fast force spectroscopy of single biopolymers with a new atomic force microscope designed for small cantilevers, Rev. Sci. Instruments, 70, 4300 (1999).

Pietrasanta, L. I., Thrower, D., Hsieh, W., Rao, S., Stemmann, O., Lechner, J., Carbon, J., and Hansma, H. G., Probing the Sacchromyces cervisiae CBF3-CEN DNA kinetochore complex using atomic force microscopy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA), 96, 3757 (1999).
Note: Eq. 2 in this paper should read: VMW = (M o / No) (V1 + dV2)

Hansma, H. G., Varieties of imaging with scanning probe microscopes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 14678-14680 (1999). PDF

Hansma, H. G., Golan, R., Hsieh, W., Daubendiek, S. L., and Kool, E. T., Polymerase Activities and RNA Structures in the Atomic Force Microscope, J. Struct. Biol., 127, 240-247 (1999). PDF

Guthold, M., Zhu, X., Rivetti, C., Yang, G., Thomson, N. H., Kasas, S., Hansma, H. G., Smith, B., Hansma, P. K., and Bustamante, C., Direct observation of one-dimensional diffusion and transcription by escherichia coli RNA polymerase, Biophys J, 77, 2284 (1999).

Golan, R., Pietrasanta, L. I., Hsieh, W., and Hansma, H. G., DNA toroids: stages in condensation, Biochemistry, 38, 14069-14076 (1999). PDF

Revenko, I., and Hansma, H. G., Atomic force microscopy of DNA electrophoresed onto silylated mica, Probe Microscopy, 1, 207 (1998).

Hansma, H. G., and Pietrasanta, L., Atomic force microscopy and other scanning probe microscopies, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2, 579-584 (1998). PDF

Hansma, H. G., Golan, R., Hsieh, W., Lollo, C. P., Mullen-Ley, P., and Kwoh, D., DNA condensation for gene therapy as monitored by atomic force microscopy, Nucleic Acids Res., 26, 2481-2487 (1998). PDF

Hansma, H. G., Bezanilla, M., Nudler, E., Hansma, P. K., Hoh, J., Kashlev, M., Firouz, N., and Smith, B., Left-handed orientation of histidine-tagged RNA polymerase complexes imaged by atomic force microscopy, Probe Microscopy, 1, 117 (1998).

Garcia, R. A., Laney, D. E., Parsons, S. M., and Hansma, H. G., Substructure and responses of cholinergic synaptic vesicles in the atomic force microscope, J. Neuroscience Res., 52, 350 (1998).

Chen, C. H., Clegg, D. O., and Hansma, H. G., Structures and Dynamic Motion of Laminin-1 As Observed by Atomic Force Microscopy, Biochem., 37, 8262-8267 (1998). PDF

Laney, D. E., Garcia, R. A., Parsons, S. M., and Hansma, H. G., Changes in the elastic properties of cholinergic synaptic vesicles as measured by atomic force microscopy, Biophys. J., 72, 806 (1997).

Kasas, S., Thomson, N. H., Smith, B. L., Hansma, P. K., Miklossy, J., and Hansma, H. G., Biological applications of the AFM: from single molecules to organs, Int. J. Imaging Systems and Technology, 8, 151 (1997).

Kasas, S., Thomson, N. H., Smith, B. L., Hansma, H. G., Zhu, X., Guthold, M., Bustamante, C., Kool, E. T., Kashlev, M., and Hansma, P. K., Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase Activity Observed Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Biochemistry, 36, 461-468 (1997). PDF

Hansma, H. G., Kim, K. J., Laney, D. E., Garcia, R. A., Argaman, M., Allen, M. J., and Parsons, S. M., Properties of biomolecules measured from atomic force microscope images: a review, Journal of Structural Biology, 119, 99 (1997).

Argaman, M., Golan, R., Thomson, N. H., and Hansma, H. G., Phase imaging of moving DNA molecules and DNA molecules replicated in the atomic force microscope, Nucleic Acids Res., 25, 4379-4384 (1997). PDF

Thomson, N. H., Kasas, S., Smith, B., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Reversible binding of DNA to mica for AFM imaging, Langmuir, 12, 5905 (1996).

Revenko, I., and Hansma, H. G., Atomic force microscopy of DNA electrophoresed onto silylated mica, Scanning Microscopy, 10, 323 (1996).

Hansma, H. G., A useful buffer for atomic force microscopy of DNA, Science Tools, 1, 7 (1996).

Hansma, H. G., Laney, D. E., Revenko, I., Kim, K., and Cleveland, J. P., Bending and motion of DNA in the atomic force microscope, in Biological Structure and Dynamics, Vol. 2, Sarma, R. H., and Sarma, M. H., Eds., Adenine Press, Albany, NY, pp. 249 (1996).

Hansma, H. G., Atomic force microscopy of biomolecules, J. Vac. Sci. Tech. B, 14, 1390 (1996).

Hansma, H. G., Revenko, I., Kim, K., and Laney, D. E., Atomic force microscopy of long and short double-stranded, single-stranded and triple-stranded nucleic acids, Nucleic Acids Res., 24, 713 (1996). PDF

Hansma, H. G., and Laney, D. E., DNA binding to mica correlates with cationic radius: assay by atomic force microscopy, Biophys. J., 70, 1933 (1996).

Hansma, H. G., Atomic force microscopy of DNA on mica in air and fluid, in Procedures in Scanning Probe Microscopies, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Sussex, England (1996).

Hillner, P. E., Walters, D. A., Lal, R., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Combined atomic force and confocal laser scanning microscope, JMSA, 1, 127 (1995).

Hansma, H. G., Polysaccharide helices in the atomic force microscope, Biophys. J., 68, 3 (1995).

Hansma, H. G., Bezanilla, M., Laney, D. L., Sinsheimer, R. L., and Hansma, P. K., Applications for Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA, Biophys. J., 68, 1672 (1995).

Bezanilla, M., Manne, S., Laney, D. E., Lyubchenko, Y. L., and Hansma, H. G., Adsorption of DNA to mica, silylated mica and minerals: characterization by atomic force microscopy, Langmuir, 11, 655 (1995).

Walters, D. A., Hampton, D., Drake, B., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Atomic force microscope integrated with a scanning electron microscope, Appl. Phys. Lett., 65, 787 (1994).

Radmacher, M., Fritz, M., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Direct observation of enzyme activity with the atomic force microscope, Science, 265, 1577 (1994).

Radmacher, M., Cleveland, J. P., Fritz, M., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Mapping interaction forces with the atomic force microscope, Biophys. J., 66, 2159 (1994).

Mastrangelo, I. A., Bezanilla, M., Hansma, P. K., Hough, P. V. C., and Hansma, H. G., Structures of large T antigen at the origin of SV40 DNA replication by atomic force microscopy, Biophys. J., 66, 293 (1994).

Li, M.-Q., Hansma, H. G., Hong, G.-F., Yao, X.-W., and Hansma, P. K., Atomic force microscopy of plasmid DNA and DNA polymerase, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 12, 1465 (1994).

Hansma, H. G., Browne, K. A., Bezanilla, M., and Bruice, T. C., Bending and straightening of DNA induced by the same ligand: characterization with the atomic force microscope, Biochemistry, 33, 8436 (1994).

Hansma, P. K., Cleveland, J. P., Radmacher, M., Walters, D. A., Hillner, P., Bezanilla, M., Fritz, M., Vie, D., Hansma, H. G., Prater, C. B., Massie, J., Fukunaga, L., Gurley, J., and Elings, V., Tapping mode atomic force microscopy in liquids, Applied Physics Letters, 64, 1738 (1994).

Hansma, H. G., and Hoh, J., Biomolecular imaging with the atomic force microscope, Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, 23, 115 (1994).

Guthold, M., Bezanilla, M., Jenkins, B., Hansma, H., and Bustamante, C., Following the Assembly of RNA Polymerase-DNA Complexes in Aqueous Solutions with the Scanning Force Microscope, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 12927 (1994). PDF
Note: the AFM-image quality is poor in the pdf.

Bezanilla, M., Drake, B., Nudler, E., Kashlev, M., Hansma, P. K., and Hansma, H. G., Motion and enzymatic degradation of DNA in the atomic force microscope, Biophys. J., 67, 2454 (1994).

Bezanilla, M., Bustamante, C., and Hansma, H. G., Improved visualization of DNA in aqueous buffer with the atomic force microscope, Scanning Microscopy, 7, 1145 (1994).

Murray, M. N., Hansma, H. G., Bezanilla, M., Sano, T., Ogletree, D. F., Kolbe, W., Smith, C. L., Cantor, C. R., Spengler, S., Hansma, P. K., and Salmeron, M., Atomic Force Microscopy of Biochemically Tagged DNA, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 3811 (1993). PDF
Note: the colored figures in the original aren't preserved in the pdf.

Hansma, H. G., Sinsheimer, R. L., Groppe, J., Bruice, T. C., Elings, V., Gurley, G., Bezanilla, M., Mastrangelo, I. A., Hough, P. V. C., and Hansma, P. K., Recent Advances in Atomic force Microscopy of DNA, Scanning, 15, 296 (1993).

Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Potential applications of atomic force microscopy of DNA to the human genome project, Proc. SPIE - Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. (USA), 1891, 66 (1993).

Hansma, H. G., Bezanilla, M., Zenhausern, F., Adrian, M., and Sinsheimer, R. L., Atomic Force Microscopy of DNA in Aqueous Solutions, Nucleic Acids Res., 21, 505 (1993).

Vesenka, J., Hansma, H., Siegerist, C., Siligardi, G., Schabtach, E., and Bustamante, C., Scanning force microscopy of circular DNA and chromatin in air and propanol, SPIE, 1639, 127 (1992).

Putman, C. A. J., Hansma, H. G., Gaub, H. E., and Hansma, P. K., Polymerized LB films imaged with a combined atomic force microscope-fluorescence microscope, Langmuir, 8, 3014 (1992).

Li, M. Q., Hansma, H. G., Vesenka, J., Kelderman, G., and Hansma, P. K., Atomic force microscopy of uncoated plasmid DNA: nanometer resolution with only nanogram amounts of sample, J Biomol Struct Dyn, 10, 607 (1992).

Hansma, H., Motamedi, F., Smith, P., Hansma, P., and Wittman, J. C., Molecular resolution of thin, highly oriented poly(tetrafluoroethylene) films with the atomic force microscope, Polymer Communications, 33, 647 (1992).

Hansma, H. G., Sinsheimer, R. L., Li, M. Q., and Hansma, P. K., Atomic force microscopy of single- and double-stranded DNA, Nucleic Acids Res, 20, 3585 (1992).

Hansma, H. G., Vesenka, J., Siegerist, C., Kelderman, G., Morrett, H., Sinsheimer, R. L., Bustamante, C., Elings, V., and Hansma, P. K., Reproducible Imaging and Dissection of Plasmid DNA under Liquid with the Atomic Force Microscope, Science, 256, 1180 (1992). PDF
Hansma, H. G., Feeling Molecules with the Atomic Force Microscope, Science, 258, 18 (1992).

Weisenhorn, A. L., Egger, M., Ohnesorge, F., Gould, S. A. C., Heyn, S.-P., Hansma, H. G., Sinsheimer, R. L., Gaub, H. E., and Hansma, P. K., Molecular-Resolution Images of Langmuir-Blodgett Films and DNA by Atomic Force Microscopy, Langmuir, 7, 8 (1991).

Radmacher, M., Goettgens, B. M., Tillmann, R. W., Hansma, H. G., Hansma, P. K., and Gaub, H. E., Morphology of polymerized membranes on an amorphous substrate at molecular resolution by AFM, in Scanned Probe Microscopy, Vol. 241, Wichramasinghe, H. K., Ed., American Institute of Physics, Santa Barbara, CA, pp. 144 (1991).

Hansma, H. G., Gould, S. A. C., Hansma, P. K., Gaub, H. E., Longo, M. L., and Zasadzinski, J. A. N., Imaging nanometer scale defects in Langmuir-Blodgett films with the atomic force microscope, Langmuir, 7, 1051 (1991).

Hansma, H. G., Weisenhorn, A. L., Edmundson, A. B., Gaub, H. E., and Hansma, P. K., Atomic force microscopy: seeing molecules of lipid and immunoglobulin, Clin Chem, 37, 1497 (1991).

Hansma, H. G., Sinsheimer, R. L., Gould, S. A. C., Weisenhorn, A. L., Gaub, H. E., and Hansma, P. K., Toward sequencing DNA with an atomic force microscope., AIP Conference Proceedings, 136 (1991).

Hansma, H. G., Weisenhorn, A. L., Gould, S. A. C., Sinsheimer, R. L., Gaub, H. E., Stucky, G. D., Zaremba, C. M., and Hansma, P. K., Progress in sequencing deoxyribonucleic acid with an atomic force microscope., Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B (Microelectronics Processing and Phenomena), 9, 1282 (1991).

Weisenhorn, A. L., Gaub, H. E., Hansma, H. G., Sinsheimer, R. L., Kelderman, G. L., and Hansma, P. K., Imaging single-stranded DNA, antigen-antibody reaction and polymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films with an atomic force microscope, Scanning Microsc, 4, 511 (1990).

Gould, S. A. C., Drake, B., Prater, C. B., Weisenhorn, A. L., Manne, S., Kelderman, G. L., Butt, H.-J., Hansma, H., Hansma, P. K., Magonov, S., and Cantow, H. J., The atomic force microscope: a tool for science and industry., Ultramicroscopy, vol.33,, 93 (1990).

Gould, S. A. C., Drake, B., Prater, C. B., Weisshorn, A. L., Manne, S., Hansma, H. G., Hansma, P. K., Massie, J., Longmire, M., Elings, V., Northern, B. D., Mukergee, B., Peterson, C. M., Stoeckenius, W., Albrecht, T. R., and Quate, C. F., From atoms to integrated circuit chips, blood cells, and bacteria with the atomic force microscope, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 8, 369 (1990).

Drake, B., Prater, C. B., Weisenhorn, A. L., Gould, S. A., Albrecht, T. R., Quate, C. F., Cannell, D. S., Hansma, H. G., and Hansma, P. K., Imaging crystals, polymers, and processes in water with the atomic force microscope, Science, 243, 1586 (1989).

Hansma, H. G., Evidence for a Ca-channel mutation in the K+-resistant mutants of Paramecium, J. Memb. Biol., 60, 257 (1981).

Hansma, H. G. 1981. Turnover of monovalent cations in Paramecium. Journal of Experimental Biology 93:81-92.

Hansma, H. G., Sodium uptake and membrane excitation in Paramecium, J. Cell Biol., 81, 374 (1979).

Hansma, H. G., and C. Kung. 1976. Defective ion regulation in a class of membrane-excitation mutants in Paramecium. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 436:128-139.

Browning, J. L., Nelson, D. L., and Hansma, H. G., Ca⁺⁺ influx across the excitable membrane of Paramecium; an analysis of behavioral mutants, Nature, 259, 491 (1976).

Satow, Y., H. G. Hansma, and C. Kung. 1976. The effect of sodium on "Paranoiac" - A membrane mutant of Paramecium. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 54:323-329.

Hansma, H. G., and C. Kung. 1975. Studies of the cell surface of Paramecium. Ciliary membrane proteins and immobilization antigens. Biochem. J 152:523-528.

Van Houten, J., H. Hansma, and C. Kung. 1975. Two quantitative assays for chemotaxis in Paramecium. J. Cell Biol. 104:211-223.

Hansma, H. G. 1975. The Immobilization Antigen of Paramecium aurelia is a Single Polypeptide Chain. The Journal of Protozoology 22:257-259.

Kung, C., Y. Chang, Y. Satow, J. V. Houten, and H. Hansma. 1975. Genetic dissection of behavior in Paramecium. Science 188:898-904.

Hansma, H., and R. Ostwald. 1974. Effects of dietary cholesterol upon bile acid metabolism in guinea pig. Lipids 9:731-737.

Sardet, C., Hansma, H. G., and Ostwald, R., Effects of plasma lipoproteins from control and cholesterol-fed guinea pigs on red cell morphology and cholesterol content: an in vitro study, J. Lipid Res., 13, 705 (1972).

Sardet, C., Hansma, H. G., and Ostwald, R., Characterization of guinea pig plasma lipoproteins: the appearance of new lipoproteins in response to dietary cholesterol, J. Lipid Res., 13, 624 (1972).

Ostwald, R., W. Yamanaka, D. Irwin, H. Hansma, M. Light, and K. Tom. 1971. Effects of dietary modifications on cholesterol-induced anemia in guinea pigs. J. Nutrition 101:699-712.